2020年对角线布局

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html

<div class="controls">
  <h2 class="controls__headline">
    Playground:
  </h2>
  <div class="angle-control">
    <input type="range" id="angle-control" min="-60" max="60" step="1" value="-11">
    <span id="angle-result" class="result">-11 deg</span>
  </div>
</div>
<div class="diagonal-box">
  <div class="content">
    <h1>Tips for Pure CSS Diagonal Layouts</h1>
    <p class="intro">
      Below you will find a few tips for creating diagonal layouts. If this is all too fast for you, check out this step-by-step tutorial.    
    </p>
  </div>
</div>
<div class="diagonal-box bg-one">
  <div class="content">
    <h2>1. Skew to the rescue.</h2>
    <p>
      When you <a href="#">rotate</a> a 100%-width box, you get some ugly corners and need to
      make the whole box wider than 100%. The problem here is that you maybe
      don't know the height of the element, and then you also don't know how
      much wider than 100% it has to be.
    </p>
    <p>
      So instead of <code>transform: rotate(-11deg)</code> use
      <code>transform: skewY(-11deg)</code> and the transformed section stays
      within it's horizontal boundaries.
    </p>
    <div class="columns">
      <figure class="figure">
        <svg viewBox="0 0 280 280">
          <rect
            fill="none"
            x="1"
            y="1"
            width="278"
            height="278"
            stroke="#FFF"
            stroke-width="2"
          />
          <rect
            class="object object--rotate"
            width="270"
            height="130"
            x="5"
            y="75"
            fill="#FFF"
            opacity="0.4"
          />
        </svg>
        <figcaption>transform: rotate(-11deg);</figcaption>
      </figure>

<figure class="figure">
        <svg viewBox="0 0 280 280">
          <rect
            fill="none"
            x="1"
            y="1"
            width="278"
            height="278"
            stroke="#FFF"
            stroke-width="2"
          />
          <rect
            class="object object--skew"
            width="270"
            height="130"
            x="5"
            y="75"
            fill="#FFF"
            opacity="0.4"
          />
        </svg>
        <figcaption>transform: skew(-11deg);</figcaption>
      </figure>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="diagonal-box bg-two">
  <div class="content">
    <h2>2. Use a pseudo-element.</h2>
    <p>
      If you want diagonal sections, but still write horizontally, you need to
      re-transform the content inside the section. What you can do instead is
      insert a <code>:before</code> pseudo-element, position it
      <code>absolute</code> and then transform this element instead of the
      section itself.
    </p>
    <div class="columns">
      <figure class="figure">
        <svg viewBox="0 0 280 280">
          <rect
            fill="none"
            x="1"
            y="1"
            width="278"
            height="278"
            stroke="#FFF"
            stroke-width="2"
          />
          <rect
            class="object object--skew-pause"
            width="270"
            height="130"
            x="5"
            y="75"
            fill="#FFF"
            opacity="0.4"
          />
          <rect
            class="object object--skew-pause-alt"
            width="220"
            height="80"
            x="30"
            y="100"
            fill="#FFF"
            opacity="0.4"
          />
        </svg>
        <figcaption>
          The content needs to be re-transformed, when you transform the whole
          section.
        </figcaption>
      </figure>

<figure class="figure">
        <svg viewBox="0 0 280 280">
          <rect
            fill="none"
            x="1"
            y="1"
            width="278"
            height="278"
            stroke="#FFF"
            stroke-width="2"
          />
          <rect
            class="object object--skew-pause"
            width="270"
            height="130"
            x="5"
            y="75"
            fill="#FFF"
            opacity="0.4"
          />
          <rect
            class="object"
            width="220"
            height="80"
            x="30"
            y="100"
            fill="#FFF"
            opacity="0.4"
          />
        </svg>
        <figcaption>
          Content is not affected when transforming a pseudo-element in the
          background.
        </figcaption>
      </figure>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="diagonal-box bg-three">
  <div class="content">
    <h2>3. Find the right padding.</h2>
    <p>
      Because of the transformation, some elements <em>bleed</em> into the previous and the next element. To find a safe area where you can place content, you need to add some padding. The amount of padding can be calculated with this formula:<br>
      <span class="formula">x = tan(α) * a / 2</span>
    </p>
    <svg viewBox="0 0 560 305">
      <g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd">
        <rect
          width="558"
          height="198"
          x="1"
          y="53"
          stroke="#FFF"
          stroke-width="2"
        />
        <polygon
          fill="#FFF"
          points="6 106.52 554 0 554 198 6 304.52"
          opacity=".3"
        />
        <line
          x1="554.5"
          x2="554.5"
          y2="51"
          stroke="#FFF"
          stroke-dasharray="2 2"
          stroke-width="2"
        />
        <line
          x1="6.5"
          x2="6.5"
          y1="53"
          y2="104"
          stroke="#FFF"
          stroke-dasharray="2 2"
          stroke-width="2"
        />
        <path
          fill="#FFF"
          fill-rule="nonzero"
          d="M325.1 33.3c1.3 0 2-1.7 2-3.7h-.3c-.2 1.5-.5 2-.9 2-.7 0-1.5-2.3-1.7-3.5l2.8-6.8h-2.5l-1.2 3.5c-.5-1.8-1.7-3.8-4-3.8-3.2 0-5.1 2.9-5.1 6.2 0 3.5 2 6 4.9 6 2 0 3-1.2 4-2.8.3 1.7 1 2.9 2 2.9zm-5.8-.8c-2.3 0-2.8-4.7-2.8-6.6 0-3 1.4-4.1 2.7-4.1 1.9 0 2.6 3.9 2.8 5.8-.2 1.4-1 5-2.7 5z"
        />
        <text fill="#FFF" font-family="Raleway" font-size="26">
          <tspan x="273" y="153">a</tspan>
        </text>
        <text fill="#FFF" font-family="Raleway" font-size="26">
          <tspan x="17.1" y="88">x</tspan>
        </text>
        <text fill="#FFF" font-family="Raleway" font-size="26">
          <tspan x="530.1" y="35">x</tspan>
        </text>
        <line
          x1="6"
          x2="554"
          y1="165"
          y2="165"
          stroke="#FFF"
          stroke-dasharray="2 2"
          stroke-width="2"
        />
        <path
          stroke="#FFF"
          stroke-dasharray="1 1"
          d="M346 53c0-4.1-.4-8.1-1-12"
        />
      </g>
    </svg>
    <p>Sadly you can not make this completely dynamic without javascript, as CSS calculations don't support <code>sin</code>, <code>cos</code> and <code>tan</code>. </p>
    <p><strong>Pro Tip:</strong> I think most of you will use deg as unit, when you do the transformation: <code>skewY(-11deg)</code>. <br>
      If you do so, you also have to use <strong>Deg</strong> and not <Strong>Rad</Strong> when you calculate tangens. The standard uses <strong>Rad</strong> as default.</p>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="diagonal-box bg-one">
  <div class="content">
    <h2>4. Use CSS-Variables to store the padding-value.</h2>
    <p>You can use CSS Custom Properties to store the calculated value for the needed padding and reuse it. For example you can translate Elements so that they are in line with the diagonal background-line.</p>
    <p><code>transform: translateY(var(--skew-padding))</code></p>
    <div class="boxes">
      <div class="box"></div>
      <div class="box"></div>
      <div class="box"></div>
      <div class="box"></div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="diagonal-box bg-two">
  <div class="content">
    <h2>And that's it</h2>
    <p>
      If this all went too fast for you, you find a more .
      Thanks for reading. 
    </p>
    <div class="columns">

</div>
  </div>
</div>

css

@charset "UTF-8";
:root {
  --width: 100vw;
  --angle: -11deg;
  /*-----------------
  Magic Number Alert:
  
  the 0.09719 is calculated by this formula:
  tan(11°) / 2
  11° is the current skewY value.
  ------------------*/
  --magic-number: 0.09719;
  --skew-padding: calc(var(--width) * var(--magic-number));
}
@media (min-width: 42em) {
  :root {
    --width: 42rem;
  }
}

.diagonal-box {
  position: relative;
  padding: var(--skew-padding) 0;
  margin-top: -1px;
}
.diagonal-box:before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  top: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  transform: skewy(var(--angle));
  transform-origin: 50% 0;
  outline: 1px solid transparent;
  backface-visibility: hidden;
}

.bg-one:before {
  background-image: linear-gradient(45deg, #654ea3, #eaafc8);
}

.bg-two:before {
  background-image: linear-gradient(-135deg, #ff0084, #33001b);
}

.bg-three:before {
  background-image: linear-gradient(-135deg, #007, #003);
}

.content {
  max-width: var(--width);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 1.5em;
  position: relative;
  /* -----------
  enable the border to see, that the content
  perfectly fits into the section withou
  bleeding into the adjecting areas:
  ------------ */
}

/* --------------------
Presentational Styles 
-------------------- */
*, *:before, *:after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  font-size: 100%;
  transition: font-size 0.2s linear;
}
@media (min-width: 70em) {
  html {
    font-size: 125%;
  }
}

body {
  background: #003;
  padding-top: 8em;
  color: #fff;
  font-family: 'Raleway', sans-serif;
}

h1 {
  text-align: center;
  margin: 0 auto 1em;
  padding: 0 1em;
  max-width: 42rem;
  line-height: 1.2;
  transform: skewY(var(--angle));
  font-size: 3em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 900;
}

h2 {
  font-size: 2.5em;
  margin: 0 0 0.5em;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.intro {
  font-size: 1.25em;
  transform: skewY(var(--angle));
  margin: 0em auto 0em;
  text-align: center;
  background: #fff;
  color: #003;
  font-weight: 900;
  padding: 0.5em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.intro a {
  background-image: linear-gradient(transparent 90%, 0, #003 100%);
  background-image: none;
  border-bottom: 4px solid;
  transition: none;
}
.intro a:hover {
  border-color: #a06;
  opacity: 1;
}

p {
  font-size: 1.25em;
  margin: 0;
  line-height: 1.5;
}
p + p, svg + p {
  margin-top: 1em;
}
p code {
  background: #0033;
  padding: 0.125em 0.375em;
  border-radius: 0.125em;
}
@media (min-width: 35em) {
  p code {
    white-space: nowrap;
  }
}
p a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
  background-image: linear-gradient(transparent 90%, 0, #fffa 100%);
  padding: 0.125em 0;
  transition: opacity 0.3s ease-out;
}
p a:hover {
  text-decoration: none;
  opacity: 0.8;
}

.columns {
  display: flex;
  margin: 2em -1em;
}

.figure {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  margin: 0 1em;
}
.figure svg {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
}
.figure .object {
  transform-origin: 140px 140px;
}
.figure .object--rotate {
  animation: rotate 3s ease-in-out alternate infinite;
}
.figure .object--skew {
  animation: skew 3s ease-in-out alternate infinite;
}
.figure .object--skew-pause {
  animation: skew-pause 6s ease-in-out infinite;
}
.figure .object--skew-pause-alt {
  animation: skew-pause-alt 6s ease-in-out infinite;
}
.figure figcaption {
  margin-top: 0.5em;
  line-height: 1.5;
  font-weight: 700;
  opacity: 0.9;
}

@keyframes rotate {
  0% {
    transform: rotate(0deg);
  }
  50% {
    transform: rotate(-11deg);
  }
  100% {
    transform: rotate(-11deg) scaleX(1.2);
  }
}
@keyframes skew {
  to {
    transform: skewY(-11deg);
  }
}
@keyframes skew-pause {
  0%, 70%, 100% {
    transform: skewY(0deg);
  }
  20%, 50% {
    transform: skewY(-11deg);
  }
}
@keyframes skew-pause-alt {
  0%, 40%, 100% {
    transform: skewY(0deg);
  }
  20%, 30% {
    transform: skewY(-11deg);
  }
}
.formula {
  font-family: monospace;
  font-size: 1.5em;
  display: block;
  margin: 1em auto;
  text-align: center;
}
@media (min-width: 26em) {
  .formula {
    font-size: 2em;
  }
}

.boxes {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  grid-gap: 3%;
  margin: 2em 0;
  --translation: 0;
}
.boxes .box {
  width: 100%;
  height: 0;
  padding-bottom: 100%;
  border: 1px solid #fff;
  background: #fff3;
  transform: translateY(var(--translation));
  animation: translate 3s ease-in-out infinite;
}
.boxes .box:nth-child(1) {
  --translation: calc(var(--skew-padding) * 1.5);
}
.boxes .box:nth-child(2) {
  --translation: calc(var(--skew-padding) * 1);
}
.boxes .box:nth-child(3) {
  --translation: calc(var(--skew-padding) * 0.5);
}
.boxes .box:nth-child(4) {
  --translation: calc(var(--skew-padding) * 0);
}

@keyframes translate {
  0%, 20%, 100% {
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
  50%, 70% {
    transform: translateY(var(--translation));
  }
}
/* ---------------------------------
   Interactive Controls
--------------------------------- */
.controls {
  background: #FFF3;
  z-index: 5;
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  border-radius: 0 0 0.5em 0.5em;
  max-width: 90%;
}
.controls__headline {
  color: #fff;
  margin: 0.75em 1.125em 0.625em;
  font-size: 1em;
  text-align: center;
  font-weight: 400;
}

.angle-control {
  padding: 0.75em 0.625em 0.625em;
  margin: 0 0.5em;
  font-size: 1em;
  border-top: 1px solid #fff3;
  display: flex;
}
.angle-control > * {
  vertical-align: middle;
  margin: 0 0.5em;
}
.angle-control span {
  display: inline-block;
  min-width: 6ch;
}
.angle-control input {
  width: 8em;
  flex-shrink: 1;
}

.result {
  text-align: right;
}

JavaScript

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